Transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) is a catheter-based procedure that implants a new bioprosthetic, or tissue, valve to take over the function of a diseased mitral valve. It may be used in carefully selected patients with significant symptomatic mitral regurgitation, certain forms of mitral valve dysfunction associated with mitral annular calcification, or a failing surgical tissue valve. TMVR offers an alternative to conventional surgical valve replacement for patients whose surgical risk, anatomy, or overall clinical condition makes a catheter-based approach appropriate.

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The primary goal of TMVR is to restore effective mitral valve function, reduce abnormal backward blood flow or relieve obstruction, and improve symptoms, functional capacity, and quality of life. When a new transcatheter valve is implanted within a failing surgical tissue valve, the procedure is called mitral valve-in-valve replacement.

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Following implantation, patients require monitoring for complications. Anticoagulation is an important component of postprocedural care, with the regimen and duration determined by the implanted device’s requirements and the patient’s clinical circumstances. Ongoing clinical assessment and follow-up echocardiography help evaluate prosthetic valve function, symptom improvement, and recovery.